Fibroid surgery helps women manage growths that cause pain and heavy bleeding. Fibroids are non-cancerous lumps that develop in or around the womb. They affect up to two-thirds of women at some point in their lives. Many women have no symptoms at all. Others experience heavy periods, pelvic discomfort, and tiredness. When medication alone does not ease these issues, surgery may be considered. Miss Deepti Cheema, a Consultant Obstetrician and Gynaecologist in Birmingham, provides expert care for women with fibroids. She takes a holistic, patient-centred approach to every consultation.
What Are Uterine Fibroids and Why Do They Develop?
Fibroids are growths made of muscle and fibrous tissue. They are also called myomas or leiomyomas. Their size can range from a small pea to a large melon . The exact cause of fibroids is still not fully known. However, they are closely linked to the hormone oestrogen.
Fibroids tend to grow during a woman’s reproductive years. Oestrogen levels are highest during this time. After the menopause, fibroids often shrink on their own.The RCOG notes that up to 80% of women may develop fibroids by age 50.
What Are the Main Types of Fibroids?
There are several types of fibroids, grouped by location:
- Intramural fibroids grow within the muscle wall of the womb. These are the most common types.
- Subserosal fibroids develop on the outside of the womb. They can grow into the pelvis.
- Submucosal fibroids form beneath the inner lining of the womb. They grow into the womb’s cavity.
- Pedunculated fibroids attach to the womb by a narrow stalk of tissue.
Knowing the type and size of fibroids helps guide treatment. It also helps determine whether fibroid surgery is needed.
What Symptoms Might Suggest You Need Fibroid Surgery?
Around one in three women with fibroids experience symptoms . These can range from mild discomfort to severe disruption. Heavy or painful periods are the most common complaint. They can lead to anaemia and ongoing fatigue.
Other symptoms that may point towards the need for fibroid surgery include:
- Persistent lower tummy or back pain
- A frequent need to pass urine
- Constipation or bloating
- Pain or discomfort during sex
- Difficulty conceiving in rare case
If these symptoms affect daily life, a specialist review is advised. A clearer view of obstetrician and gynaecologist services at Birmingham can help women access timely care. The NHS recommends seeing a GP if fibroid symptoms are present.
When Is Fibroid Surgery Recommended?
Fibroid surgery is often considered when medication has not helped. It may also be recommended when fibroids are very large. The decision depends on the size, number, and position of the growths. A woman’s fertility plans also play a key role.
For women who wish to have children, womb-preserving options are preferred. For those who have completed their families, other approaches may be discussed. Each case is assessed individually. The consultant will recommend the best path following a thorough evaluation.
What Are the Different Types of Fibroid Surgery?
Several surgical options exist for treating fibroids. The right choice depends on each patient’s needs and health goals. Below is an overview of the main procedures.
What Is a Myomectomy and How Does Fibroid Surgery Preserve the Womb?
A myomectomy removes fibroids while keeping the womb in place. It is often chosen by women who want to have children. The procedure can be done through keyhole surgery or open surgery. Keyhole surgery uses small cuts in the tummy. Open surgery uses one larger cut.
Myomectomies are generally effective at relieving symptoms. However, new fibroids may develop over time. Further treatment could be needed in the future. The RCOG provides patient information on what to expect from this procedure.
What Does a Hysterectomy Involve?
A hysterectomy removes the womb entirely. It may be recommended for large fibroids or severe bleeding. This option is typically for women who do not plan future pregnancies. The procedure can be done through the vagina or abdomen.
Recovery usually takes six to eight weeks . It is a major operation, and its effects are permanent. Periods will stop after the procedure. If the ovaries are also removed, early menopause may occur. The British Menopause Society (BMS) offers guidance on managing surgical menopause . A clearer view of obstetrician and gynaecologist services at Birmingham ensures patients receive full support throughout.
How Do Hysteroscopic Procedures Treat Fibroids?
Hysteroscopic procedures use a thin telescope called a hysteroscope. It is passed through the vagina and cervix into the womb. No cuts to the tummy are needed. This approach works well for submucosal fibroids.
There are two main types of hysteroscopic fibroid surgery:
- Hysteroscopic resection uses small instruments to remove fibroid tissue. Several insertions may be needed.
- Hysteroscopic morcellation uses a single instrument to cut and remove the fibroid. Only one insertion is required.
Both procedures are often done as day cases. Patients can usually go home the same day.
Are There Non-Surgical Alternatives to Fibroid Surgery?
Not every patient needs surgery. Non-surgical options may be suitable depending on the case. These treatments can appeal to women seeking less invasive care.
Uterine artery embolisation (UAE) is one such option. A radiologist carries out this procedure. It blocks the blood supply to the fibroids, causing them to shrink. UAE is done under local anaesthetic. Recovery is generally quicker than after major surgery.
However, the effects of UAE on future fertility are not fully clear . Women hoping to conceive should discuss this carefully. Medication, such as hormonal treatments, may also help manage symptoms before any procedure is planned. Endometriosis UK provides helpful resources on pelvic pain conditions that may overlap with fibroid symptoms.
What Should Patients Expect During Recovery from Fibroid Surgery?
Recovery times vary depending on the type of procedure. Hysteroscopic procedures often allow a return home the same day. Normal activities can usually resume within a few days.
After a myomectomy or hysterectomy, a short hospital stay is typical. Full recovery from open surgery can take four to eight weeks. During this time, rest is essential. Heavy lifting should be avoided. The healthcare team will provide clear aftercare guidance.
A clearer view of obstetrician and gynaecologist services at Birmingham helps patients access the right follow-up care. The NHS provides detailed recovery advice for each type of fibroid treatment.
How Can Patients Take the Next Step?
Women experiencing fibroid symptoms deserve timely, expert care. Miss Deepti Cheema offers a thorough and compassionate approach to fibroid management in Birmingham. Booking a consultation is the first step towards relief. A specialist review can help clarify the best treatment path based on individual needs.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can Fibroids Return After Fibroid Surgery?
If a myomectomy is performed, new fibroids may grow over time. A hysterectomy is the only way to prevent fibroids from returning. Each option carries its own benefits and considerations.
Does Fibroid Surgery Affect Fertility?
Womb-preserving procedures, such as a myomectomy, aim to maintain fertility. A hysterectomy removes the womb, so pregnancy is no longer possible. The choice of procedure depends on future family plans.
Diagnostic procedures such as ultrasound scans are painless. If surgery is needed, laparoscopic techniques are used where possible. These result in less discomfort and a quicker recovery.
Do All Fibroids Need Treatment?
No. Fibroids that cause no symptoms may not need any treatment. They often shrink after the menopause as oestrogen levels fall. Treatment is only advised when symptoms affect daily life.
Yes, new cysts can develop after treatment. This is more common with functional cysts. Regular follow-up appointments help monitor for any recurrence. Miss Deepti Cheema provides ongoing support for women in this situation.
How Long Does Recovery Take?
Recovery depends on the type of fibroid surgery performed. Hysteroscopic procedures may need only a few days of rest. Open surgery may require up to eight weeks for full recovery.
Treatment Details
Specialist surgical treatment for fibroids, tailored to relieve symptoms such as heavy bleeding, pelvic pressure, and discomfort.
Duration
1–3 hours depending on the procedure
Anesthesia
General anaesthesia
Schedule
Pre-operative consultation, planned surgery, and follow-up appointments
Inpatient/Outpatient
Day case / Inpatient depending on treatment type
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