An ovarian cystectomy is a procedure that removes cysts from the ovaries while preserving healthy ovarian tissue. Many women develop ovarian cysts at some stage in life, and most resolve without treatment. However, some cysts grow larger or cause persistent symptoms. Miss Deepti Cheema, Consultant Obstetrician and Gynaecologist in Birmingham, provides expert care for women with gynaecological conditions. Her focus on minimally invasive surgery ensures safe and effective treatment.
When watchful waiting is not suitable, surgery may be the next step. The decision to proceed with an ovarian cystectomy follows a thorough clinical assessment.
What is an Ovarian Cystectomy?
An ovarian cystectomy is a surgical procedure that removes a cyst while preserving the ovary. This is particularly important for women wishing to protect their fertility. The operation is usually performed using laparoscopy (keyhole surgery).
During a laparoscopic procedure, small incisions are made in the abdomen. A camera and fine instruments are inserted to separate the cyst carefully from ovarian tissue. Compared to open surgery, this approach allows quicker recovery and shorter hospital stay.
In some cases, a laparotomy (open surgery) may be required, particularly for large cysts or complex cases.
How Does Laparoscopic Surgery Differ from Open Surgery?
Laparoscopic surgery uses small incisions and a camera, whereas open surgery involves a larger cut. Keyhole surgery generally results in less pain, smaller scars, and faster recovery. It is the preferred approach for most benign ovarian masses.
However, open surgery may be necessary where cancer is suspected or cysts are particularly large.
Why Might Someone Need an Ovarian Cystectomy?
Many ovarian cysts resolve naturally and can be monitored with ultrasound. Surgery may be recommended if a cyst persists, enlarges, or causes symptoms such as pelvic pain or discomfort.
Certain cysts are unlikely to resolve on their own:
- Dermoid cysts
- Endometriomas (linked to endometriosis)
Surgery may also help remove adhesions and improve symptoms associated with endometriosis.
Cysts causing heavy menstrual bleeding, bloating, or complications such as ovarian torsion may require urgent treatment.
When is Surgery Preferred Over Watchful Waiting?
Surgery is often advised when:
- A cyst is larger than 5 cm
- The cyst appears complex on imaging
- Symptoms persist or worsen
- There is increased risk after menopause
Regular scans and blood tests help guide treatment decisions.
The Procedure: How is an Ovarian Cystectomy Performed?
An ovarian cystectomy is performed under general anaesthetic. During laparoscopic surgery, the abdomen is gently inflated with gas to improve visibility. A camera (laparoscope) is inserted, and specialised instruments are used to remove the cyst.
The cyst is sent for laboratory analysis to confirm diagnosis. Small incisions are closed with dissolvable stitches.
Miss Deepti Cheema has a specialist interest in minimally invasive gynaecological surgery, focusing on preserving ovarian function wherever possible.
What Happens After the Operation?
Following surgery, mild abdominal discomfort is common. Most patients return to light activities within 1–2 weeks. Full recovery after laparoscopy usually takes 2–4 weeks, while laparotomy may require up to 12 weeks.
Patients should seek medical advice if they experience heavy bleeding, fever, or unusual discharge. Follow-up ensures appropriate recovery and discussion of results.
When Should You Consider an Ovarian Cystectomy?
Surgery may be recommended if a cyst:
- Is growing
- Causes persistent symptoms
- Affects quality of life
Women with endometriosis and endometriomas may particularly benefit from surgical treatment.
A full assessment, including scans and blood tests, is essential before making a decision. Miss Deepti Cheema provides patient-centred care throughout her diagnosis and treatment.
Frequently Asked Questions
How long does recovery take?
Recovery after laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy typically takes 2–4 weeks. Open surgery may take up to 12 weeks.
Will it affect fertility?
The aim is to preserve ovarian function. In most cases, fertility is not affected.
The incisions are very small, usually less than one centimetre. They tend to heal well and often become barely noticeable over time. Most cuts are placed in discreet areas, such as the belly button.
Typically one to two hours, depending on the technique used.
No, one of the primary benefits of a laparoscopy is that it requires very small incisions, typically ranging from 0.5 to 1 centimetre in length. These tiny incisions usually heal very well and result in minimal, often barely noticeable, scarring compared to traditional open surgery.
Can cysts return?
Yes, particularly in women with endometriosis or hormonal conditions.
Is it major surgery?
Laparoscopic surgery is minimally invasive, while laparotomy is more extensive.
What are the risks?
Risks include infection, bleeding, or damage to surrounding organs. Careful surgical technique helps minimise complications.
Treatment Details
Surgical removal of an ovarian cyst while aiming to preserve healthy ovarian tissue where possible.
Duration
1–2 hours
Anesthesia
General anaesthesia
Schedule
Consultation, surgery, and follow-up appointments
Inpatient/Outpatient
Day case / Inpatient depending on complexity
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